Osmotic

Indication

Mannitol infusion solution (Mannitol intravenous infusion, BP) can be
used in:

• The promotion of diuresis, in the prevention and/or treatment of the oliguric phase of acute renal failure before irreversible renal failure becomes established
• The reduction of elevated intraocular pressure when the pressure cannot be lowered by other means
• The reduction of intracranial pressure and treatment of cerebral edema by reducing brain mass
• Promoting the urinary excretion of toxic substances
• Bowel preparation. eg- Colorectal & Abdominal surgery

Dosage & Administration

The adult dose of Mannitol ranges from 50 to 100 g by IV infusion. The rate of administration is usually adjusted to maintain a urine flow of at least 30 to 50 ml/hr. Total dosage, concentration and the rate of administration depends on fluid requirement, urinary output and the

severity of the condition being treated.

Indications	Adults	Children
	50 to 100 g is	2 g/kg body weight or
	administered at a rate	60 g/square meter of
Renal insufficiency	adjusted to maintain a	body surface area
	urine flow of at least 30	administered over a
	to 50 ml/hour.	period of 2 to 6 hours.
Cerebral edema,	1.5 to 2 g/kg of body	1 to 2 g/kg body weight
elevated Intracranial	weight administered	or 30 to 60 g/square
pressure, elevated	over a period of 30 to	meter of body surface
intraocular pressure,	60 minutes.	area administered over
Glaucoma		a period of 30 to 60
		minutes.
Adjunctive therapy for	50 to 200 g is	2 g/kg body weight or
removal of toxic	administered at a rate	60 g/square meter of
substances	adjust to maintain a	body surface area.
	urine flow of at least 100
	to 500 ml/hour.

 

Precautions

Careful monitoring of rate of administration of Osmotic is necessary to avoid fluid and electrolytes imbalance and circulating overloading. The infusion should be discontinued if the patient develops signs of progressive renal dysfunction, heart failure or pulmonary congestion.

Mannitol should not be administered with whole blood.

Pregnancy:
Pregnancy category C. It is also not known whether Mannitol can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman or can affect
reproduction capacity. Mannitol should be given to a pregnant woman only if clearly needed.
Lactation:
It is not known whether this drug is excreted in human milk. Because many drugs are excreted in human milk, caution should be exercised
when Mannitol is administered to a nursing woman.